<HTML> <HEAD> <HTML> <HEAD> <meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS 20-1 THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title> <META NAME="Keywords" Content="South Dakota Codified Laws SDCL 20-1 THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS "> <META NAME="Description" Content="South Dakota Codified Laws 20-1"> </HEAD> <BODY> <!-- File converted by Wp2Html Version 4.0 --> <!-- Email Andrew@brackenbeds.co.uk for more details --> <!-- WP Style Open: System_34 --><!-- WP Style End: System_34 --> <Div align="full"> <!-- WP Paired Style On: HG4 --><Div align="center"><!-- WP Style End: HG4 --> CHAPTER 20-1 <!-- WP Paired Style Off: HG4 --><!-- WP Style End: HG4 --> </Div> <br> <!-- WP Paired Style On: HG4C --><Div align="center"><!-- WP Style End: HG4C --> THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS <!-- WP Paired Style Off: HG4C --><!-- WP Style End: HG4C --> </Div> <br> <p> <!-- WP Paired Style On: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-1">20-1-1</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Obligation defined. <!-- WP Paired Style Off: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <br> <!-- WP Paired Style On: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-2">20-1-2</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Origin of obligations. <!-- WP Paired Style Off: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <br> <!-- WP Paired Style On: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-3">20-1-3</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Kinds of obligations arising by operation of law. <!-- WP Paired Style Off: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <br> <!-- WP Paired Style On: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-4">20-1-4</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Joint and several obligations and rights. <!-- WP Paired Style Off: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <br> <!-- WP Paired Style On: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-5">20-1-5</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Obligations and rights presumed joint and not several. <!-- WP Paired Style Off: B --><!-- WP Style End: B --> <br> <A HREF="/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=20-1-6">20-1-6</A> <!-- WP Style Open: IN -->&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<!-- WP Style End: IN --> Right of contribution on satisfaction of joint obligation.<p> </BODY> </HTML> <br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045507Normal { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045507SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045507CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045507Normal-000000 { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045507DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045507000001 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045507SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045507SCL-000002 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045507Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-1"><span class="s2045507SENU">20-1-1</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045507SENU">. </span><span class="s2045507CL">Obligation defined.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045507Normal-000000"><span class="s2045507DefaultParagraphFont">An obligation is a legal duty by which a person is bound to do or not to do a certain thing.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045507Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045507000001"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045507Normal"><span class="s2045507SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045507SCL-000002"> CivC 1877, § 798; CL 1887, § 3421; RCivC 1903, § 1114; RC 1919, § 721; SDC 1939, § 47.0101.</span></p></div></body></html><br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045508Normal { text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045508SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045508CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045508Normal-000000 { text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045508DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045508Normal-000001 { margin-left: 0.70in; text-indent: -0.45in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045508000002 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045508SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045508SCL-000003 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-2"><span class="s2045508SENU">20-1-2</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045508SENU">. </span><span class="s2045508CL">Origin of obligations.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal-000000"><span class="s2045508DefaultParagraphFont">An obligation arises either from:</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal-000001"><span class="s2045508DefaultParagraphFont">(1)    The contract of the parties; or</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal-000001"><span class="s2045508DefaultParagraphFont">(2)    The operation of law.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045508000002"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045508Normal"><span class="s2045508SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045508SCL-000003"> CivC 1877, § 799; CL 1887, § 3422; RCivC 1903, § 1115; RC 1919, § 722; SDC 1939, § 47.0102.</span></p></div></body></html><br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045509Normal { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045509SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045509CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045509Normal-000000 { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045509DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045509000001 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045509SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045509SCL-000002 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045509Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-3"><span class="s2045509SENU">20-1-3</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045509SENU">. </span><span class="s2045509CL">Kinds of obligations arising by operation of law.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045509Normal-000000"><span class="s2045509DefaultParagraphFont">An obligation arising by operation of law may be either a general legal duty imposed upon all persons indifferently by law or a legal duty affixed by operation of law to a status or relationship voluntarily assumed.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045509Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045509000001"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045509Normal"><span class="s2045509SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045509SCL-000002"> SDC 1939, § 47.0103.</span></p></div></body></html><br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045510Normal { text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045510SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045510CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045510Normal-000000 { text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045510DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045510Normal-000001 { margin-left: 0.70in; text-indent: -0.45in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: .001pt; } span.s2045510000002 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045510SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045510SCL-000003 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-4"><span class="s2045510SENU">20-1-4</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045510SENU">. </span><span class="s2045510CL">Joint and several obligations and rights.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal-000000"><span class="s2045510DefaultParagraphFont">An obligation imposed upon several persons, or a right created in favor of several persons may be:</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal-000001"><span class="s2045510DefaultParagraphFont">(1)    Joint;</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal-000001"><span class="s2045510DefaultParagraphFont">(2)    Several; or</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal-000001"><span class="s2045510DefaultParagraphFont">(3)    Joint and several.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045510000002"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045510Normal"><span class="s2045510SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045510SCL-000003"> CivC 1877, § 801; CL 1887, § 3424; RCivC 1903, § 1117; RC 1919, § 724; SDC 1939, § 47.0104.</span></p></div></body></html><br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045511Normal { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045511SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045511CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045511Normal-000000 { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045511DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045511000001 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045511SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045511SCL-000002 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045511Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-5"><span class="s2045511SENU">20-1-5</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045511SENU">. </span><span class="s2045511CL">Obligations and rights presumed joint and not several.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045511Normal-000000"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045511DefaultParagraphFont">An obligation imposed upon several persons, or a right created in favor of several persons, is presumed to be joint, and not several, except in the special cases mentioned in §§ </span><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=53-2-4"><span class="s2045511DefaultParagraphFont">53-2-4</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045511DefaultParagraphFont"> and </span><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=53-2-5"><span class="s2045511DefaultParagraphFont">53-2-5</span></a><span class="s2045511DefaultParagraphFont">. This presumption, in the case of a right, can be overcome only by express words to the contrary.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045511Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045511000001"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045511Normal"><span class="s2045511SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045511SCL-000002"> CivC 1877, § 802; CL 1887, § 3425; RCivC 1903, § 1118; RC 1919, § 725; SDC 1939, § 47.0105.</span></p></div></body></html><br /><hr><br /><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv='content-language' content='en-us'/><title>SDLRC - Codified Law 20-1 - THE NATURE OF OBLIGATIONS </title><meta name="Generator" content="PowerTools for Open XML" /><style>span { white-space: pre-wrap; } p.s2045512Normal { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045512SENU { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045512CL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } p.s2045512Normal-000000 { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-indent: 0.50in; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 108%; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } span.s2045512DefaultParagraphFont { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045512000001 { font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045512SCL { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; } span.s2045512SCL-000002 { font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } body { text-decoration-skip-ink: none; } </style></head><body><div><p dir="ltr" class="s2045512Normal"><a href="https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&amp;Statute=20-1-6"><span class="s2045512SENU">20-1-6</span></a><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045512SENU">. </span><span class="s2045512CL">Right of contribution on satisfaction of joint obligation.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045512Normal-000000"><span class="s2045512DefaultParagraphFont">A party to a joint, or joint and several, obligation, who satisfies more than his share of the claim against all, may require a proportionate contribution from all the parties joined with him.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045512Normal"><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045512000001"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="s2045512Normal"><span class="s2045512SCL">Source:</span><span xml:space="preserve" class="s2045512SCL-000002"> CivC 1877, § 803; CL 1887, § 3426; RCivC 1903, § 1119; RC 1919, § 726; SDC 1939, § 47.0106.</span></p></div></body></html>